As we become older, our bodies undergo a variety of changes, some more obvious than others. The gradual loss of vision is one of the most significant yet frequently disregarded changes. This shift can have an impact on many older individuals’ independence, safety, and quality of life. Macular degeneration is one of the most prevalent and devastating age-related vision disorders. Let’s take a look at how ageing impacts eyesight, with a special focus on macular degeneration.
How Vision Changes with Age
Ageing naturally brings about several changes in the eyes and vision. These include:
- Presbyopia – the loss of ability to see close objects or small print clearly.
- Dry eyes – due to reduced tear production.
- Reduced peripheral vision – shrinking of the visual field.
- Difficulty seeing in low light – due to changes in pupil size and lens flexibility.
Many of these changes are minor and can be managed with glasses or better lighting, but some require medical attention. One of the most serious is age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the major cause of vision loss in adults over 60.
What is Macular Degeneration?
Macular degeneration affects the macula, the small central portion of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This area helps us read, drive, recognise faces, and perform tasks that require detailed vision.
There are two primary types of AMD:
- Dry AMD (more common): Gradual breakdown of light-sensitive cells in the macula with age, slowly causing loss of vision.
- Wet AMD (less common but more severe): It usually develops in people who already have dry AMD. Abnormal blood vessels that grow under the retina, leading to rapid vision loss.
Age-related macular degeneration symptoms may include:
- Blurred or fuzzy vision
- Difficulty recognising faces
- Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted
- A dark, empty area in the center of vision
Early detection is critical in managing AMD and preserving vision.
The Impact of Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration does not cause total blindness, but it can severely impair central vision, making daily tasks difficult. Reading, cooking, using a computer, and navigating securely all be challenging. It frequently causes emotional and psychological distress, especially when independence is threatened. That is why proactive care is critical—not only to delay the progression but also to improve quality of life.
Tips for Maintaining Eye Health
Preventing or delaying the progression of AMD—and other age-related eye conditions—often starts with lifestyle choices. Here are some key ways aging adults can support their vision:
1. Eat an Eye-Healthy Diet
Nutrients such as lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to promote eye health and may slow AMD progression.
Recommended foods include:
- Leafy greens like kale and spinach
- Bright-coloured fruits and vegetables (carrots, bell peppers, oranges)
- Fatty fish (salmon, sardines)
- Eggs and nuts
Some doctors may also recommend AREDS2 supplements, a special formula designed for patients at risk of or living with age-related macular degeneration.
2. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle
- Quit smoking: Smokers are up to four times more likely to develop AMD.
- Exercise regularly: Cardiovascular activity promotes healthy blood flow to the eyes.
- Manage chronic conditions: Conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol can worsen eye problems.
3. Schedule Regular Eye Exams
Ageing adults should have comprehensive eye exams at least once a year, especially if they have a family history of AMD or other eye conditions. Early detection can significantly improve the effectiveness of treatment options.
Take the Next Step in Protecting Your Vision With Macular Degeneration Treatment
If you or a loved one are experiencing vision changes or are at risk of AMD, don’t wait. Schedule a comprehensive eye screening with Asia Pacific Eye Centre and take the first step toward preserving your sight and independence. Contact APEC today to learn more about our services and how we can help you manage age-related vision changes with confidence.
